Potato is a popular vegetable in the CIS countries. It is difficult to choose a variety that feels good in any latitude, from the Baltic to the Yenisei. But this is exactly what Nevsky potato is, the root crop is surprisingly tenacious and undemanding to conditions. However, you need to be able to care for him.
Grade history
The Nevsky potato variety was created at the Research Institute of Agriculture of the North-Western Regions in 1976. It was the result of breeding two other varieties: Candidate and Veselovsky. Nevsky collected the best properties and gained unprecedented popularity on collective farms, and later among private farms. In 1982, it was added to the state register of varieties.
Until now, the Nevsky variety is recognized as the best among the breeding methods bred in Russia.
Description of Nevsky potato variety
This variety has a unique ability to survive in different climatic conditions, it easily tolerates rainy periods and high temperatures. Now, Nevsky has been given 26% of the territories intended for potatoes in the Russian Federation for sowing, since it is guaranteed to provide the country with a crop under almost any weather conditions.
Shoots
The height of the bushes of potatoes of the Nevsky variety is 50-60 centimeters. Leaves lushly cover a powerful stalk. They are wide, oblong, have a bright green color, the edges of the leaf are wavy.
The flowering is short, the buds are white, have bright orange pistils, form racemose inflorescences.
Roots
Ripe potatoes are light beige in color, oblong oval in shape with delicate thin smooth skin. Creamy flesh. Eyes noticeable, pink. The weight of tubers is 50-130 grams, the starchiness indicator is 10-13%.
Characteristics and features of the variety
The Nevsky potato variety can be described through the following properties:
- ripening time 75-100 days;
- drought tolerant;
- thermophilic;
- not afraid of waterlogged soil;
- good yield;
- an indicator of keeping quality - 95%;
- commodity appearance;
- transportable;
- the taste is highly appreciated by the consumer.
It has good immunity to such diseases:
- potato cancer;
- scab;
- Fusarium
- verticillosis;
- late blight;
- blackleg;
- Alternariosis.
Potato Nevsky has low resistance to different types of mosaics, macrosporiosis, root rot. But the nematode is of particular danger.
The Colorado potato beetle does not like Nevsky potatoes, and if there are other nightshade on the site, or next to it, then he will prefer them.
Productivity and taste
One bush of Nevsky variety gives from 8 to 15 tubers, which means in a weight equivalent of 1.5-2 kg. From one hectare you can collect from 380 to 500 kilograms of root crops. The most common indicator is 450 kilograms. The maximum harvest was 6 centners per hectare.
Most potato lovers praised the flavor characteristics of the Nevsky variety. It is suitable for cooking, baking and frying, as well as for the preparation of salads and soups. But because of the low starch content, potatoes are not suitable for mashed potatoes at home or on an industrial scale.
Advantages and disadvantages of the variety
Like any other variety, Nevsky has its own strengths and weaknesses. Thanks to breeders, there are much more of the first:
- easily tolerates both drought and high humidity;
- possesses high immunity to the most common diseases of potato;
- well tolerates transportation;
- has a pleasant appearance;
- possesses excellent tastes;
- long shelf life;
- it is difficult for him to inflict mechanical damage;
- adapted to the climatic characteristics of different regions.
But there are potatoes Nevsky and negative side:
- unsuitable for making mashed potatoes;
- nematode worms are dangerous to him;
- lush tops prevent weeding.
To simplify the maintenance of potato bushes, do not carry out too close planting.
Features of planting and growing potatoes Nevsky
This variety is unpretentious, but before planting, you need to choose a suitable place and time, as well as prepare seed material.
Optimal timing and location choice
One of the main characterizing features of Nevsky potato is heat loving. Planting is allowed only when the soil has already warmed up. This condition is especially relevant for regions with frequent spring rains. Nevsky potato is resistant to moisture if the ground is already warm. Otherwise, it will go bad. Choosing a landing time, you should focus on mid-spring, when there are no night frosts.
There are no special requirements to the soil, but this variety grows best in sandy and loamy soils. It is important that the landing site is unshaded. You can’t plant potatoes in the ground, on which other nightshade, sorghum, and sunflower were grown before. Best of all, if last season on the selected territory grew:
- legumes;
- cabbage;
- beet;
- garlic;
- onion;
- cucumbers
- oats;
- carrot;
- spices;
- corn.
Landing preparation
In autumn, the land is dug up, after which fertilizers or cow dung with compost are introduced. In the spring, a few days before planting, the soil needs to be rid of weeds, dig and phosphate fertilizers.
Tuber preparation
In the case of Nevsky potatoes, it is very important for yield to properly select and prepare tubers. The selection rules are strict.
Nevsky can not be cut into pieces or to separate the eyes and planted separately. Planting is carried out only whole sprouted tubers. Scratched tender sprouts will not yield a crop.
When selecting, you should pay attention to the condition of the potato. The slightest sign of rot or mechanical damage makes the tuber unusable. Their weight should not exceed 80 grams and be less than 60 grams.
Before germination, root crops must be treated with a potassium permanganate solution for disinfection. The tubers should either be washed or held in it for 3-4 minutes.
Then they are laid out in one layer in a warm, dry room for 2-3 weeks. Planting is carried out when the sprouts only appear, and it is still difficult to damage them. Their height should not exceed 3 centimeters.
If the potatoes have sprouted and the weather is still cold, then place the planting material in a cool place. This will stop the growth and harden the tubers.
Landing, scheme and depth of landing
Planting is carried out in warm soil. If the bad weather in May drags on, it is better to plant potatoes earlier, otherwise it will not ripen before the fall.
Depth of landing is 20 centimeters. Between the holes, the distance should be at least 50 centimeters; 30 centimeters are sometimes allowed. Between the rows - more than half a meter.
Sprouted tubers are placed and buried in the ground very carefully to avoid possible damage. After that, in the presence of dry soil, the first watering is performed.
Fertilizer application
Feeding potatoes of the Nevsky variety is done once upon planting. In the future, the plant does not need it. Before placing the seed on the bottom of the dug holes fertilizers are poured. It can be:
- cow dung;
- wood ash;
- eggshell;
- bird droppings.
If the soil is noticeably depleted, then fertilizing during the growth of potatoes is allowed:
- After the appearance of the first stems, pour urea solution under the root (half a liter per 1 bush).
- Before flowering - a solution of wood ash and superphosphate, in a ratio of 10: 1.
- During flowering - a weak solution of superphosphate.
Care
In the absence of rain, the Nevsky variety is irrigated 2-3 times a week. To provide a drip effect, it is better to use a spray. It is necessary to carry out watering in the morning or in the evening, when direct sunlight is absent.
The first sprouts will appear 15-20 days after planting. Before that, we already need to weed and loosen the soil. In the process of potato growth, these procedures are repeated at least 4 times.
When the sprouts reach a height of 15 centimeters, the first hilling takes place. Carefully scoop up the ground so that it does not fall on the leaves or sinuses. The second time the potato wraps up when the sprouts reach 30 centimeters. The procedure is performed in cloudy weather on moist soil.
Protection against diseases and pests
Nevsky potatoes are resistant to most diseases, but the nematode is a particular risk. To avoid infection with nematode worms, you must:
- to loosen and cultivate the soil;
- conduct a careful selection of seed;
- adhere to crop rotation;
- if infected bushes are found, immediately remove and burn them, and treat the rest with Phosphamide.
So that the potato does not get late blight, you need to adhere to the conditions for caring for the vegetable, and spray the bushes twice a month with a solution of copper sulfate.
To protect against mice and insect pests, burrows are dug in the area, poison and ultrasonic repellers are laid out.
The Colorado potato beetle is manually cleaned. As a poison, insecticide preparations are used: Spark, Regent, Antizhuk, Prestige, Corado, Confidor, Aktara.
You need to get rid of the bear in advance. On a site selected for potatoes, in the spring, a dunghill is placed; an insect will lay its larvae in it. Shortly before planting potatoes, the heap is burned. During the spring digging, large eggshells can be added to the soil - the insect will get hurt and leave the site. To combat the bear, Medvetox and Bazudin are used. The latter is also effective against wireworm - a worm that damages tubers.
Harvesting and storage
Young potatoes of the Nevsky variety are harvested in mid-July. The root crop is carefully removed with your hands so as not to damage the entire root system. Full ripening occurs at the end of summer. Dig up the potatoes before the first cold weather. It is better to clean in dry weather. It is important to ensure that the shovel enters no closer than 20 centimeters from the bush.
After being removed from the ground, place the potatoes in a ventilated room to dry. When it dries, the fruits are cleaned of dirt, damaged tubers are taken away, and the rest are put in bags / boxes and sent to the cellar. Best of all, this potato is stored at a temperature of +8 degrees Celsius.
Not every vegetable develops equally stably in both arid and rainy climates. Such tolerance for climatic extremes makes Nevsky variety universal for many state and private farms. It is valued for its unpretentiousness, long shelf life, high immunity and excellent taste.
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Russia. City: Syktyvkar
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