Sweet pepper of the Swallow variety is considered undemanding in care and high-yielding. Farmers love the plant for its ability to adapt to any climatic conditions and abrupt weather changes. The dense peel makes it possible to store the crop for a long time. Simultaneous ripening of fruits allows for a single harvest.
Seeds of pepper varieties Swallow
Sweet pepper varieties Swallow is characterized by high productivity
Pepper Swallow ripens very quickly
History of the variety of pepper Swallow
Homeland - Moldova. Breeders are scientists of the Transnistrian Institute of Agriculture. In 1970, breeders applied for registration of this variety in the state register. In 1974, the standard of the plant was approved, and allowed to grow throughout Russia, except for the Central District.
At the moment, numerous plants involved in plant breeding in the Russian Federation are responsible for the safety of the plant. After some time, breeders created another variety of pepper - Golden Swallow. And although the plants are similar in name, and the scientist is one, all the same, the characteristics and productivity are different.
The swallow is very popular among farmers today, some even suggest that the plant got its name because of the amazing shape of the fruit - in the form of a beak of a swallow.
Description and characteristics of pepper
A feature of the Swallow pepper is the ability to grow under any climatic conditions. You can plant a plant in a greenhouse, or you can in the open ground.
Scientists prove that Swallow is a healthy variety, it contains a huge amount of nutrients necessary for the body. An important role is played by vitamins B and C. The product has a low calorie content: in 100 g - 43 kcal. Pepper normalizes the digestive tract and improves the functioning of the cardiovascular system.
The plant reaches a height of 0.7 m. About 10 large pods are formed on 1 pepper. Leafy plants, need garter. The leaves are large, deep green in color, wrinkles are on the surface.
Pepper Swallow ripens very quickly, technical maturity occurs after 110 days.
Fruit Description
The main signs of pods of pepper Swallows:
- in the form of a cone, individual specimens in the form of an oval;
- during technical maturity, the color is light green, during biological maturity - red;
- walls with a thickness of 70 mm;
- the mass of the pod from 60 to 110 g;
- the peel is not thick, the surface is smooth;
- fruit length 0.1 m.
Productivity
Sweet pepper of the Swallow variety is characterized by high productivity, for which it is appreciated by farmers. With 1 sq. m, you can collect about 6-7 kg of fruit.
Suitable region and climate
Sweet pepper itself is very heat-loving, so it is better to grow it in the southern territory. It is also suitable for the northern regions, but only for growing in greenhouses.
For good development, the plant needs a temperature of + 21 ... + 26 degrees Celsius, at night it should not fall below + 17 ... + 20 degrees. Soil temperature not less than +19 degrees. At lower rates, yield decreases, leaves wither, and as a result, the Swallow dies. Drought and high temperatures above +34 degrees also negatively affect the plant.
In order for the pepper to begin to bear fruit faster and the crop to be stable, it is necessary to maintain daylight hours for at least 13 hours. For growing seedlings in March, special additional lamps are used.
Advantages and disadvantages
Variety of peppers Swallow, like other varieties of culture, has both pros and cons, and they must be considered when growing a plant.
Benefits of Pepper Swallow:
- a large number of useful trace elements, the product is suitable even for diabetics;
- can grow in any climate zone, the main thing is to choose the right place for landing;
- high yielding;
- has a decorative appearance;
- can be used not only in fresh form, but also in conservation.
The disadvantages of the variety:
- too high, support must be installed;
- demanding on the composition of the soil;
- can be grown in open soil, but very difficult.
Landing Features
You can get a rich harvest only with proper planting. There are several main stages that have their own characteristics and nuances.
Seed preparation
The most important thing is to sow grains of pepper Swallow in time. If you are late, then the plant will begin to develop later, respectively, will not bring the crop that should. Sprouts will hatch only after 2 months, so sow the seeds in mid-February. If seedlings will be planted immediately in open soil, it is better to sow planting material in early March.
To ensure a high percentage of germination, seeds should be selected correctly. First, carefully examine them, discard the bad, and leave the good. In a container of water, add 1 tbsp. l salt and place in the solution all the seeds. In this mixture, hold the seed for about a quarter of an hour, discard all the seeds that have surfaced. They are of poor quality and will not sprout.
Rinse the seed under running water and dry it. To avoid the development of all kinds of grain diseases, treat - place in a weak solution of potassium permanganate (1%), hold the seeds in it for 20 minutes, then wash the seeds. This procedure will not only strengthen the immune system and prevent infection in the future, but also increase the pepper's resistance to adverse weather events.
You can germinate the seeds in advance - put on wet gauze, as soon as the sprouts appear to plant.
Sowing seeds for seedlings
Prepare the containers and fill them with soil mixture, make small holes about 15 mm deep. Place 1 grain in each, between the plants should not be less than 3 cm. The swallow does not tolerate picking and transplanting, so it is better to sow the grains directly in separate pots.
Use peat tablets, then with them you can plant pepper seedlings in the ground.
Growing seedlings
If the seeds were sown in a large box, then after forming 2 sheets, pick. To do this, take cups (0.5 l) and transplant one seedling in them. Place seedlings on the sunny side on the windowsill.
As soon as the temperature in the street rises to + 15 ... + 18 degrees - conduct hardening. Leave the seedlings on the balcony for the night. Water the plants once a week with warm water. After a week, make mineral fertilizing.
Planting seedlings in open ground
Almost all gardeners are based on the appearance of seedlings, as soon as the sprouts become strong, a rich green mass appears on them - pepper is planted.
The plant is transplanted into open ground when buds appear on the seedling. At this time, the air temperature becomes favorable, and the plant will begin to develop rapidly. Before planting seedlings directly, fertilize the soil with mineral or organic top dressing. Swallow loves potassium, so it’s better to add this element.
Plant seedlings so that there is at least 0.4 m distance between the seedlings. Do not deepen the plantings much, first fill the hole with cool water, and then plant the sprouts. Run the second watering only after a week.
To less moisture evaporate, cover the seedlings on hot days, while you protect the foliage from the negative effects of sunlight.
Care and growing
According to general standards, pepper care Swallow is not very different from care for other vegetable crops. It consists of timely watering, loosening, mulching and fertilizing.
Watering and feeding
Water the plants only with warm and settled water. A week after planting, watering plants are carried out every 4 days. Also monitor the dryness of the soil surface, do not let the earth crust dry. Carry more frequent watering at the stage of fruiting and flowering.
If you need to grow greens in vegetables, then use the "Growth" tool, you can replace it with urea dissolved in water. The number of ovaries can be increased using the stimulator "Ovary". The overall well-being of the plant will help improve Epin-Extra.
Bush formation
Caring for a plant in a greenhouse also consists of pruning and forming a bush of pepper. The formation is carried out in several stems. Do not over-thicken the plant. Peppers cut earlier will begin to bear fruit earlier and more abundantly.
You must understand that the formation of the crown of pepper often brings not only benefits, but also harm. Pruning contributes to the risk of pests and diseases in the bushes.
During the cultivation of this variety, make sure that the bushes do not outgrow, pinch the top when you consider that it no longer needs to grow up. After this process, the plant will begin to grow lateral branches, on which the fruits will be located. In addition, cut the lower stepsons, in the upper part of the plant, leave only strong and strong shoots with flowers.
Weeding and cultivation
Weed plants harm not only the site as a whole, but also individual crops in particular. Weeding and removal of weeds should be carried out simultaneously with loosening of the root zone of pepper. The root system of the Swallow is close to the surface of the soil, and it is easy to damage it. Loosen not too deep.
Seed collection
Seeds are needed for future cultivation. Tear off a fully ripe fruit, rinse it, cut it in half and remove the grains. Dry them, they will serve as an excellent planting material next year.
Harvesting and storage
The stalks of pepper Leaf are very thin and fragile; damaging them is not a big deal. To avoid this, pick the fruits carefully and carefully. Harvest, start harvesting from the beginning of fruiting, and you can harvest daily, it all depends on the number of plants sprouting on your site and on the phase of their maturity.
If the weather conditions are favorable, that is, with warm, calm weather and not prolonged rainfall, then during the whole season you can get about 6 kg of sweet pepper per 1 sq. Km. m
How to increase productivity?
The highest yield of pepper can be obtained using the recommendations of experienced summer residents, here are some of them:
- Place the supports to which the seedlings will be tied to the ground before planting, so do not damage the root system of the pepper when digging stakes in the ground.
- Pepper loves moisture, but during heavy and prolonged rains cover the sprouts with a film, otherwise it will begin to rot.
- Overmoistening of the root system will only bring harm, in the first place, this will affect the risk of all kinds of diseases.
- The first flowers that appear on the upper fork of the branches, remove.
- Collect the first crop at the stage of technical maturity, and the rest as desired.
- Do not forget about the need to form a bush.
- Store the fruits in the refrigerator for no longer than a month, it is better to freeze, but do not preserve.
- If the soil is nutritious and there is no need to make certain dressings, sprinkle ash on the root circle of pepper, it is not only a fertilizer, but also will protect the bushes from diseases and pests.
Diseases and Pests
The variety of pepper Swallow has a strong immunity, it does not lend itself to the influence of diseases. Good health helps withstand even late blight and verticillin wilt. The swallow rarely suffers from pests such as aphids, spider mites and slugs.
Preventive measures consist of regular removal of weed grass from the site, since most of the spores of diseases are located on such harmful plants. You can also prevent infection by disinfecting grains and soil for planting pepper Swallow.
Pepper Swallow Reviews
Natalia, 46 years old, housewife, Volgograd. It’s not the first season I’ve been growing Swallow. Germination of seeds is simply excellent, most likely their processing and preparation helps in this. Seedlings tolerate hardening, quickly get used to a new place in the greenhouse. The variety does not require special attention, is not sick, the main thing is to properly and regularly care for it. For a season I spray only once. Plants grow large and lush, each time I get a different number of fruits.
Maria, 67 years old, pensioner, Omsk. Swallow is the best mid-season pepper variety you can always rely on. It adapts perfectly to the climate and sudden weather changes. The bush is compact, characterized by a large number of ovaries. The fruits are very juicy and tasty, often canned with them various vegetable assortments, also suitable for making lecho.
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The variety of pepper Swallow is one of the best representatives of this culture, it does not need special care. A large number of fruits will provide the gardener with such a crop that he will be able to realize all his ideas regarding the use of this vegetable.